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Get to Know the Constructing Techniques of a Rug

Rugs are a requirement for your flooring as they combine décor pieces and tie in all the furniture and accessories. Rugs have a multitude of purposes and are not just used to protect wooden flooring from the furniture but to add personality and focal points to your living space. One key feature of a rug is the way it is made – this shows through its appearance and affects the mood and presentation of the room. There are many ways a rug is made and each one is unique from the other. This blog will contain the different techniques a rug can be constructed. Each gives off their own vibe and play into a range of aesthetics depending on your wishes.

                                                        Luna LUN02 Ivory Grey Wool Rug by Nourison

These techniques were originally used to create tapestries that adorn walls and depict stories or fable images. Over time they spread to be used as techniques to create rugs and carpets and adorn floors as well. These techniques are the most common would find when creating a rug.

To Help You Understand the Following, Here Are a Few Textile Terms:

Warp: It is the mainframe of the fabric. It is usually the long, vertical yarn that the weft yarn is spun through. The warp yarn is covered by the weft is barely noticeable unless the weft yarns are moved around.

Weft: the yarns that construct the fabric. They are yarns that hold the detail and design as they are weaved through the warp yarns, covering them completely.

Pile: the thickness of the yarn, from the bottom to the top. Depending on the technique, the pile can be manipulated to give varying thicknesses.

Hand-Knotted

Hand-knotted rugs are one of the oldest forms of rug creation and are still very much as beautiful and intricate as they were thousands of years ago. Hand-knotted rugs originated in Persia, 2500 years ago, and were a sign of high class. Persian rugs are renowned for their richness of color, variety of geometric, artistic patterns, and luxurious feel – they add elegance to any area they are added to. They are traditionally constructed using silk but over time, they have been constructed using wool.

                                                  Kendra 2603 H Blue Traditional Rug by Oriental Weavers

On every warp thread, the weft yarn is knotted to it. This is the beauty of hand-knotted rugs as the construction relies on numerous, individual, little knots made to create the beautiful Persian design. Every knot is meticulous and these rugs take time to be constructed which adds to their value. This method is defiantly not cheap and will be costly but the look and appeal of a hand-knotted Persian rug are unmatched.

Hand Loomed and Flat Weave 

                                    Atlantic Streaks 9214 Jefferson Flatweave Rug by Louis De Poortere

Flatweave rugs are handmade on a large-scale loom and depending on the size of the rug; it can take 2-4 people to make it. This technique originates from Turkey and was common among the tribes and villages that bordered Persia and Kurdistan. This technique also utilized silk but was later adapted to use cotton and wool. Using the loom, the weft yarn is woven through the warp threads in an alternative pattern. This further alternates on each row, depending on the design. The yarns are pushed together to ensure that they are tightly woven through the warp threads – if not the rug would quickly unravel. It is much quicker to construct than a hand-knotted rug but produces similar beautiful results. A rug formed of this technique would not be cheap but produces devastatingly beautiful results to any living space.

Hand-Tufted

Tufting is a more modern technique compared to knots and looms but produces wonderful results. It utilizes a tufting gun which quickens the constructing process. This is a hand-held device that shoots yarn through a rug backing and cuts the threads on the other side to give a condensed pile. The pile height can be customized depending on how shaggy the rug is to appear. Once the entire rug has been tufted, adhesive backing is added to the initial backing to ensure that the tufted yarn remains in place. To clean the edges, they are wrapped around glued to the backside.

Hand Hooked

This technique originates from 19th Century England and includes yarn being pulled from the back of the rug to the front, using a rug hook taken. A foundation cloth, usually made from burlap or linen, is used at the base while the loops at the front, as a result of the hooking, remain untouched. The loops result in a higher pile height, with a lumpier texture, compared to other techniques. This technique uses natural fibers, such as cotton and wool, so a soft texture is guaranteed.

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